詳細

This Field Guide provides a summary of the methods for determining the requirements of an adaptive optics system, the performance of the system, and the requirements for the components of the system. Many of the expressions are in the form of integrals, in which case the authors show the results graphically for a variety of practical values. This second edition has a greatly expanded presentation of adaptive optics control system design and operation. Discussions of control models are accompanied by various recommendations for implementing the algorithms in hardware.

Sample Pages(PDF)

Glossary
Introduction
　Conventional Adaptive Optics System
　Image Spread with Atmospheric Turbulence
　The Principle of Phase Conjugation
　Point Spread Function for an Astronomical Telescope
Modeling the Effect of Atmospheric Turbulence
　Fried's Coherence Length
　Isoplanatic Angle
　Kolmogorov Model
　Atmospheric Turbulence Models
　Coherence Length for Various Wavelengths and Turbulence Models
　Greenwood Frequency
　Wind Models
　Scintillation
　Zernike Polynomials
　Legendre Polynomials
　Angle of Arrival (Tilt) Fluctuations (Image Motion)
　Modulation Transfer Function
Beam Propagation
　System Performance Estimation
　Modal and Zonal Fitting Error
　Wavefront Sensors
　Partial Correction
　Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor and Error
　Shack-Hartmann Lenslet Array Selection
　Curvature Wavefront Sensor and Error
　Pyramid Wavefront Sensor and Error
Deformable Mirrors
　Photodiodes
　Photodiode Noise
　Lateral-Effect Position-Sensing Detectors
　Quad Cells
　Noise Equivalent Angle
　The Strehl Ratio: Laser-Beam Propagation to the Far Field with Wavefront Error
　Strehl Ratio
　Laser "Brightness"
　Laser Beam Quality
　Astronomical "Brightness"
　Spot Size for a Gaussian Beam
　Spot Size for a Uniform Circular Aperture
　Temporal Error
　Focal Anisoplanatism (the "Cone Effect")
　Laser Guide Stars
　Subsystem Requirements: The Wavefront Sensor
　Angular Isoplanatic Error
　Subsystem Requirements: Tilt Mirror
　Subsystem Requirements: How many actuators? Zonal or Modal Control
　Subsystem Requirements: Deformable Mirror
　Deformable Mirror Actuator Configurations
　Ferroelectric Actuators
　Electrostatic Actuators
　Voice Coil Actuators
　Deformable Mirror Influence Function Models
　Bimorph and MEMS Mirrors
　Segmented Deformable Mirrors
Control and Reconstruction
　Actuator and Wavefront Sensor Layouts
　Correctability and Flattening of a Deformable Mirror
　Adaptive Optics System Feedback Configuration
　Deformable Mirror Dynamic Model
　Controller Dynamic Model
　Wavefront Sensor Dynamic Model
　Latency
　One-Dimensional Sampling
　Two-Dimensional Sampling
　Temporal Sampling Rate Selection
　System Stability
　General Control-System Parameters
　Sensitivity Functions
　Bandwidth Estimation from Controller Gains
　Poke Matrix
　Example System Geometry
　Singular-Value Decomposition of the Poke Matrix
　Actuator and Subaperture Observability
　Identification of Actuator Locations
　Poke Matrix Smoothing
　Actuator Slaving: Active Actuator Identification
　Actuator Slaving: Slave Logic
　Adding Slaving into the Reconstructor
　Tilt Removal
　Piston and Waffle Removal
　Reconstructor Generation: Least Squares
　Reconstructor Generation: Regularization
　T-Filter
　Modal Suppression
　Interactuator Shear Suppression
　Nullspace Suppression
　Weighting Matrices
　Modal Feedback
　Reconstructor Generation: Procedure
　Reconstructor Comparison
　Slope Discrepancy
　Offloads and Woofer-Tweeter Systems
　Open-Loop Wavefront Estimation
　Kalman Filtering
　Multivariable System Performance
　Disturbance Injection
　Wavefront Sensor Calibration
　Centroiding and Thresholding
　Misregistration
　Subaperture Spillover
Equation Summary
Bibliography
Index